Pine Hall Brick - Unit Pavers

Pine Hall Brick Co., Inc.
P.O. Box 11044
2701 Shorefair Drive
Winston-Salem, NC 27116-1044
Tel: 336-721-7500
Toll-Free: 800-334-8689
Fax: 336-725-3940
E-mail: paverinfo@pinehallbrick.com
Web site: http://www.americaspremierpaver.com

Unit Pavers
Product Classification: 02780
Related Sweet's: The Directory

NEW HIGH TECH PLANT
Pine Hall Brick, a 80-year-old company, opened a state of the art manufacturing plant, dedicated to pavers, in 1996. The plant doubled its capacity in 1999 due to overwhelming demand. The advantages from this new process for clay pavers include superior size control and greater manufacturing flexibility. We offer a complete line of pavers including two types of pavers specifically designed for sand applications, English Edge^® & The "Old" Series. All these pavers offer the rich color blend of clay brick that can be installed in a durable, flexible base paving system at costs competitive with concrete pavers.

America's Premier Paver^® producer, Pine Hall Brick, is the number #1 clay paver supplier in the U.S.

PRODUCT LINE SUMMARY
- English Edge^® 4" X 8": spacer nibs & beveled edges (both bed surfaces).
- English Edge^® colors: red, red flash, rose flash, buff, ironspot, dark accent, and Autumn
- The "Old" Series 4" X 8": antique pavers with serrated edges and permanent color.
- The "Old" Series colors:
Old Towne- red flash w/black & white paint smears
Old Tavern- burgundy blue flash
Old South- salmon orange flash
Sunset-Blend - rolled edge with pastel peach and sand finish
- Rumbled^® Full Range pavers - tumbled after firing to represent an aged look
- Heavy Duty Traffic Pavers offered in 2-3/4" thickness (English Edge)
- Square edge 2-1/4" thick pavers available, Pathway, Pathway Autumn & Cocoa, in 4"X 8" and modular (mortar).
- 1-3/8" thick pavers for tight threshold applications & interior floors:
Brookstown, Harbourtown, Jamestown & Carytown
- Personal Brick: name brick pavers for fund raising activities.
- Triassic Shale raw material- ideal for pavers!
- ASLA on staff; CAD details available; Master sample boards available.
- AIA/CES credits available for lunch box presentations.

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..in addition to conforming to the PX application, the dimensional tolerances around the mean values for length, width, and depth shall be 1/16 of an inch. (Studies show that dimensional tolerances are directly linked to joint width size and proper interlock)

..The contractor shall ensure that the manufacturer conduct a test sampling of 24 pavers for every 50,000 pavers manufactured to determine the paver’s compliance with dimensional and water absorption characteristics. The 24 paver sample shall be representative of the color mix in the typical finished package and chosen on a consistent basis from one kiln car. (Proper control procedures and testing are standard operating principles for high quality manufacturers.)

English Edge^® - Features and Specifications:
Pine Hall Brick's English Edge^® pavers are manufactured to conform to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification standards C902, (Class SX, Type 1, Application PX) and C67 for freeze and thaw.
Features: Chamfers on both bed surfaces for reversibility; spacer nibs to control joint size and chippage; full range, through the body color eliminates color fading; exceeds ASTM standard with over 12,500 p.s.i. compressive strength. Meets PX application on dimensional tolerance. Colors: red, red flash(FR), buff, ironspot & rose flash.
Specification: Unit clay paver shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C902, Class SX, Type 1, Application PX. The units shall be standard 4" x 8" size having dimensions of 2-1/4" x 4" x 8" (including spacer nibs on the side), chamfered edges on both bed surfaces, 12,500 psi minimum compressive strength and 6% cold water absorption. Paver color shall conform to English Edge^® (color) brick pavers as manufactured by Pine Hall Brick Co., Inc., Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Old Towne, Old Tavern, Old South & Sunset Blend - Features and Specifications:
Pine Hall Brick's Old Towne, Old Tavern and Old South pavers are manufactured to conform to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification standards C902, (Class SX, Type 1, Application PX) and C67 for freeze and thaw.
Features: Textured edges and "torn" face texture for aged appearance; ceramic penetrating color for additional antique look; full relieved edge controls chippage; exceeds ASTM standard with over 12,500 p.s.i. compressive strength. Colors: Old Towne- red flash with random black & white paint smears, Old Tavern- burgundy blue flash, Old South- salmon orange flash, Old Sanibel- pink flash
Specification: Unit clay paver shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C902, Class SX, Type 1, Application PX. The units shall be standard 4" x 8" size having dimensions of 2-1/4" x 4" x 8", having textured edges, 10,000 psi minimum compressive strength and below 6% cold water absorption. Paver color shall conform to Old Towne (Old Tavern or Old South) brick pavers as manufactured by Pine Hall Brick Co., Inc., Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Rumbled^® - Features and Specifications:
Pine Hall Brick's Rumbled^® pavers are manufactured to conform to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification standards C902, (Class SX, Type 1, Application PA) and C67 for freeze and thaw.
Features: Tumbled after firing for aged appearance; ceramic penetrating color for additional antique look, exceeds ASTM standard with over 10,000 p.s.i. compressive strength. Colors: Red Flashed
Specification: Unit clay paver shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C902, Class SX, Type 1, Application PA. The units shall be standard 4" X 8" size having dimensions of 2¼" X 4" X 8", 10,000 psi minimum compressive strength and below 6% cold water absorption. Paver color shall conform to Pathway Full Range (Red Flashed) as manufactured by Pine Hall Brick Co, Inc., Winston-Salem, North Carolina and distributed by (party responsible for specification).

Pathway, Pathway Autumn and Cocoa - Features and Specifications:
Pine Hall Brick's Pathway, Pathway Autumn and Cocoa brick pavers are manufactured to conform to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification standards C902, (Class SX, Type 1, Application PX) and C67 for freeze and thaw.
Features: 2-1/4" thick square edge brick pavers available in 4"X 8" and modular sizes. Colors: Pathway-red or red flash(FR), Cocoa-chocolate flash(FR)
Specification: Unit clay paver shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C902, Class SX, Type 1, Application PX. The units shall be standard 4" x 8" (or standard modular) size having dimensions of 2-1/4" x 4" x 8" (or 2-1/4" x 3-5/8" x 7-5/8"), square edges, 12,500 psi minimum compressive strength and below 6% cold water absorption. Paver color shall conform to Pathway FR or Red (Pathway Autumn or Cocoa FR) brick pavers as manufactured by Pine Hall Brick Co., Inc., Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

Brookstown, Harbourtown, Jamestown and Carytown - Features and Specifications:
Pine Hall Brick's thin brick pavers are manufactured to conform to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification standards C902, (Class SX, Type 1, Application PX) and C67 for freeze and thaw.
Features: 1-3/8" thin square edge pavers available in: Brookstown-red or red flash, 4" X 8"or modular; Harbourtown-chocolate flash, 4" X 8"; Jamestown - full flash earth tones 4" x 8" or modular; Carytown-rose flash, modular.
Specification: Unit clay paver shall conform to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification standards C902, Class SX, Type 1, Application PX. The units shall be standard 4" x 8" (or standard modular) size having dimensions of 1-3/8" x 4" x 8" (or 1-3/8" x 3-5/8" x 7-5/8"), square edges, 12,500 psi minimum compressive strength and below 6% cold water absorption. Paver color shall conform to Brookstown (or Harbourtown, Jamestown or Carytown ) brick pavers as manufactured by Pine Hall Brick Co., Inc., Winston-Salem, North Carolina

- Heavy Vehicular Paver Specifications:

English Edge^® Heavy Duty 2-3/4" - Features and Specifications:
Pine Hall Brick's English Edge^® pavers are manufactured to conform to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification standards C1272, (Type F, Application PX).
Features: Spacer nibs & beveled edges to control joint size and chippage; full range, through the body color eliminates color fading; exceeds ASTM standard with over 12,500 p.s.i. compressive strength and less than 6% cold water absorption. Meets PX application on dimensional tolerance. Colors: red & red flash(FR).
Specification: Unit clay paver shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C1272, Type F, Application PX. The units shall be standard 4" x 8" size having dimensions of 2-3/4" x 4" x 8" (including spacer nibs on the side), chamfered edges , 12,500 psi minimum compressive strength and below 6% cold water absorption. Paver color shall conform to English Edge^® (color) brick pavers as manufactured by Pine Hall Brick Co., Inc., Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

2-1/4" Type R - Features and Specifications:
Pine Hall Brick's 2-1/4" pavers are manufactured to conform to the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification standards C1272, (Type R, Application PX).
Features: full range, through the body color eliminates color fading; exceeds ASTM standard with over 12,500 p.s.i. compressive strength and less than 6% cold water absorption. Meets PX application on dimensional tolerance. Colors: depends on paver selected.
Specification: Unit clay paver shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C1272, Type R, Application PX. The units shall be standard 4" x 8" (or standard modular) size having dimensions of 2-1/4" x 4" x 8" (or 2-1/4" x 3-5/8" x 7-5/8"), ___________edges, 12,500 psi minimum compressive strength and below 6% cold water absorption. Paver color shall conform to _______________ brick pavers as manufactured by Pine Hall Brick Co., Inc., Winston-Salem, North Carolina.

If you determine that you have heavy vehicular traffic, you will need to design your paving system to accommodate the traffic, usually requiring a thicker, aggregate base equivalent. (See BIA’s VEHICULAR DESIGN GUIDE) In your system, you will need to specify a heavy vehicular paver that meets ASTM C 1272 standards.

There are two types of heavy vehicular pavers, Type R and Type F. Type R pavers are 2-1/4" thick and are used when the design calls for a rigid sub-base of concrete or asphalt and a setting bed of mortar or bituminous. Type F pavers are a minimum of 2-5/8" thick and are used when the design calls for a proper base with a sand setting bed. The 2-5/8" thickness meets the 3 to 1 aspect ratio (thickness to length on a 4" x 8" paver) necessary to achieve paver interlock under heavy loading.

For a typical residential driveway or a light/medium traffic commercial job, the added cost of a heavy vehicular design is not necessary and pavers meeting ASTM C 1272 would not be required. In those applications, pavers meeting ASTM C 902 would apply.

Critical to the performance of the pavers after base considerations is the type of bedding sand, joint width size, pattern chosen, joint sand retention, edge restraint and drainage.

Bedding Sand: We recommend that the bedding sand conform to ASTM C33 and that the specification exclude all stone screenings that may pass the C33 sieve analysis. Stone screenings tend to break down over time causing joint sand loss and may contain soluble salts causing efflorescence. Concrete sand is best.

Joint Width: Research from Lilley and Clifford indicate that a 3mm joint size is optimum for generating the strongest interlock between the individual units. Our English Edge paver features spacer nibs to aid the installer in creating optimal and consistent joint widths for good interlock.

Pattern: For vehicular traffic, the herringbone pattern is universally recommended as the nature of this pattern dissipates traffic load more effectively than any other pattern.

Joint Sand Retention: Joint sand loss is the most common cause for vehicular pavement failures. The causes for sand loss can be among the following: excessive run off, tire suction, poor drainage, inadequate bedding or joint sand, poor base design, street cleaning. Joint sand stabilizers and cement & sand mixtures have been used to prevent sand loss over the years and have proved effective given sound system design. The drawbacks to cement & sand mixtures are that the mixture tends to break down over time due to traffic loading and the pavers will need cleaning after installation. Stabilizers may leave a sheen to the pavers under certain lighting conditions and will have to be reapplied after 3 to 5 years depending on joint condition.

Edge restraint: An adequate edge restraint is important to the proper functioning of any segmental paving system, vehicular or pedestrian. A DOT approved curb system will work fine as an edge restraint in street applications. For crosswalks, the general industry recommendation is to use concrete banding to prevent any displacement of the edge restraint under traffic loading.

Drainage: After the joint sand has fully compacted creating a full joint of sand, 90% of surface water will run off over the surface of the pavers. We recommend a 2% grade to ensure this run off. In rigid base pavement, we recommend weepholes in the concrete to allow water draining through the pavers to escape. The weephole should be covered with a filer fabric so that sand will not clog the weephole.

Pine Hall Pavers require no special maintenance as natural weathering keeps most clay paving systems clean and beautiful.

For specific cleaning situations such as oil stains or moss removal, there are commercial cleaners available such as StandOff^® cleaners for paving products. As a general rule when using these types of cleaners, always test on a small hidden portion of the pavement; Prewet pavement thoroughly before cleaning and rinse after with clean water; In mortared applications, pressure washers can be used provided application pressure is limited to 30-50 psi and a 50 degree fan tip is used. Rinse pressures should not exceed 200-300 psi. In all cases, DO NOT USE MURIATIC ACID. For English Edge Rose FR/Rose LR/Buff, Rosewood, Cocoa or Carytown, use VanaTrol (or equivalent) for mortar cleaning or a detergent cleaner for general cleaning. For moss removal, a one to one mixture of water and bleach is generally effective. When using any cleaning solution make sure to follow the label guidelines for application and safety.

In flexible based applications, pressure washers are not recommended as the pressure washer tends to remove joint sand that compromises interlock. We suggest using a stiff application brush and a normal pressured garden hose. Loss of jointing sand may occur over time due to natural exposure. Check annually for sand loss and re-apply jointing sand as necessary.

Snow and ice can be removed with normal hand equipment or motorized vehicles. Snowplow blades should be equipped with a rubber edge and set @ 1/4" above the pavement. Rotary brushes and snow blowers can also be used. The use of rock salts is not recommended for snow and ice removal because of the possibility of efflorescence. Non-sodium de-icers that are environmentally compatible are available as well as sand or cinders for traction control.

There are several sources for efflorescence: 1) the movement of groundwater that moves upwards, by capillary action or "wicking", into masonry or concrete materials. 2) salts in the soil that are in contact with paving can migrate above grade. 3) natural-state salts that are found in mortar, concrete or other building products. 4) contamination of masonry components (including sand) by seawater. 5) the improper use of hydrochloric acids in cleaning solutions. 6) the use of calcium chloride as a mortar accelerator. 7) the use of lime base aggregates as a base material or as bedding sand in the form of screenings. 8) salts used for de-icing purposes in the winter months, the most common outside source of efflorescence in paving applications.

Although rare, some raw material used to make clay brick contains small amounts of salt. However, these small amounts are minor compared to studies that found two to seven times as much soluble material in concrete products versus fired clay material. W.E. Brownell concluded in his research study that the most common form of efflorescence comes from the "migration of 'free-alkali' solutions from cementatious products." This would include any newly poured concrete curb, foundation or sub-base slab.

Efflorescing salts dissolve in water and are absorbed into the masonry pores. Typically, clay bricks can absorb 5% to 8% of their weight in water. Heat from the sun (or other source) begins to draw the moisture to the pavement surface and as the water completely evaporates, the salt deposits are left on the surface.

Since humidity and moisture play a key role in the efflorescence process, some areas of the country will be affected more than others. Seasons will play a role as precipitation during season changes will increase the likelihood of efflorescence.

The most important solution to solving efflorescence is the avoidance of efflorescing materials in the paving system. The second best solution is finding, locating and dealing with the source of water. Since the source of water in a paving application is generally clear, the most important factor in limiting the occurrence of efflorescence is insuring adequate drainage of the pavement through grading or specific drainage systems. Good drainage will keep the pavers dryer and thus, they will be less likely to effloresce.

While efflorescence control systems are available, they don't guarantee full arrest of the problem and tend to be expensive. The best thing to do is to allow the efflorescence to run its course provided that the paved area has good drainage. The main reasons for these recommendations are as follows: the source of the salt is most likely coming from base materials, mortar or de-icing salt residue. In a flexible base application, after 6 months, 90 % of the water will run off the paving surface and away from the pavers versus down through the joints. This change should carry the salts in solution into the ground rather than into the pavers. In all cases, free salts dissipate eventually and the problem goes away for good, generally within 18 months.

As a general rule, the removal of efflorescing salts from the face of masonry is a relatively easy operation. Efflorescing salts can be removed with dry brushing or with clear water and a stiff brush.

For further reference, see BIA Technical Notes- 23, 23A, 20. StandOff^® & VanaTrol cleaners are manufactured by ProSoCo, Inc., Kansas City, KS. Other cleaners from different manufacturers are also available.

- Not all diamond blades are equal. There are different diamond blades made to cut green concrete, brick, block, refractory, etc.... Hard, dense materials like PHB Pavers need a softer bond matrix with a higher diamond concentration to cut effectively.

- Using a diamond blade in the wrong application can be expensive. A concrete blade with a hard bond matrix cutting PHB pavers will glaze over or polish after a few cuts and will quit cutting but still show segment life.

- For best performance, optimum Surface Feet per Minute cut rate is 10,000 to 12,000. Harder materials like brick cut better at lower RPM's. Determine the best RPM speed through surface feet per minute calculations. The formula to calculate SFM is [blade diameter x 3.14 x RPM]/12"= SFM

- Generally, the more horsepower (torque) applied to the blade shaft, the more efficient the cutting action. Remember, lower horsepower may require softer bonds or less diamonds to cut efficiently.

- Improper RPM's can cause blade wobble and may create dangerous cutting conditions causing injury.

- Excessive pressure can dull the blade and cause it to cut slower or not at all. Let the diamonds do the work.

- High speed saws should use a blade specifically designed for high RPMs and not exceed 16,000 SFM.

NOTICES & WARNINGS

Important notice: If upon delivery the shipment fails to meet color and quality standards, the manufacturer is to be notified. If notification is not received within 48 hours after shipment, product is deemed satisfactory. In no case does the manufacturer assume any responsibility after material is installed.Manufacturer disclaims any and all responsibility for improper cleaning.

WARNING: The dust generated from dry sawing brick may contain silica and may be a potential health problem for the lungs although we are aware of no scientific evidence to support this conclusion. Wet sawing is recommended.